Esophageal atresia in a neonate with Down syndrome: a case report

Abstract

Introduction: Down syndrome is an aneuploidy characterized by a supernumerary chromosome 21 that can be associated with congenital anomalies such as esophageal atresia, characterized by interruption of esophageal continuity with inability to swallow and, in severe cases, in respiratory distress, in addition to other congenital anomalies such as VACTERL vertebral, anorectal, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal and limb defects. We present the case of a preterm newborn with esophageal atresia type I, annular pancreas and congenital heart disease with pulmonary hyperflow. Objective: To inform pediatricians about the clinical characteristics, early diagnosis, timely treatment and complications of these congenital anomalies associated with Down syndrome. Materials and methods: The clinical history of the case presented in the medical system of the children's hospital Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde and review of the scientific medical literature were reviewed. Results: In spite of the surgical correction of the anomalies, the patient suffered post-surgical complications related to his underlying cardiopathy, which led to a fatal outcome. Conclusion: Down syndrome is related to congenital anomalies in several systems and organs and requires a comprehensive treatment and follow-up to ensure a favorable evolution and avoid complications.