Ética de la IA generativa en la formación legal universitaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47606/ACVEN/PH0375Palabras clave:
Inteligencia artificial, Calidad en Educación Superior, enseñanza del derecho, américa latinaResumen
La incorporación de la inteligencia artificial generativa (IAG) en la formación jurídica universitaria de América Latina abre oportunidades y tensiones éticas, pedagógicas y regulatorias. Objetivo: analizar cómo las instituciones universitarias están abordando la integración de la IAG desde la transparencia, la responsabilidad y la supervisión humana. Método: revisión sistemática de documentos institucionales, marcos normativos y guías universitarias (2019–2025) siguiendo PRISMA. Se consultaron bases académicas y repositorios en español, portugués e inglés; de 142 registros iniciales se incluyeron 38 documentos. Resultados: se identifican brechas entre instituciones públicas y privadas en infraestructura y políticas; carencias de formación docente y guías de uso; riesgos para la integridad académica (plagio, delegación del razonamiento) y limitaciones de detectores de IA con sesgos lingüísticos. A la par, emergen buenas prácticas: alfabetización crítica en IA, rediseño de evaluaciones auténticas, declaración del uso de IAG y comités de gobernanza. Discusión: persisten tensiones entre vigilancia y confianza, y entre innovación y equidad; sin políticas inclusivas la IAG podría ampliar desigualdades. Una gobernanza participativa y sensible al contexto favorece la legitimidad y la adopción ética. Conclusiones: se requiere un marco institucional que articule ética, pedagogía y gobernanza, con formación docente continua, lineamientos claros de autoría y protección de datos, y evaluaciones centradas en pensamiento crítico. La IAG debe operar como apoyo a la agencia humana y no como sustituto, promoviendo una cultura académica responsable e inclusiva.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Eliana del Rocío Rodríguez Salcedo, Doménica Jasiel Molina Hurtado, Yennifer Tatiana Morocho Sáez, Kerly Abigail Lema Vaca, Mathew Abraham Morales Alvarado, Martha Carolina Espinosa Rodríguez, Alex David Guangasi Lagua, Marlon Alejandro Centeno Chiguano, Bryan Henry Zamora Paredes
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