Optimism in university students: the role of gender and age

Abstract

The study focuses on exploring variations in levels of optimism among university students, taking into account their gender and age, with the aim of better understanding the positive mental disposition in building a better future. A quantitative non-experimental approach and a cross-sectional correlational design were used. A validated instrument was used to measure optimism in a probability sample of 248 undergraduate students. Analyses were conducted using CHAID decision trees to establish relationships between the optimism index and socio-demographic variables. The results revealed significant differences; in particular, male students were found to have higher levels of optimism than their female counterparts. It was also found that individuals over the age of 21 had higher levels of optimism than those under 21. These findings are consistent with previous research that has highlighted the influence of demographic factors on levels of optimism. We conclude that it is important to consider these group characteristics when designing and implementing interventions aimed at promoting student well-being.